Settled 1858 as Rio Frio. Later called "Dog Town" because ranchers used many dogs to round up cattle. 1871 townsite was laid out as Colfax. Made county seat 1877. Renamed for S. J. Tilden, who won popular vote for U. S. President, 1876. Ranching and petroleum center. Noted for fine rural high school, annual rodeo, historic sites.
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